Development of In Situ Formed Metal Pyrophosphates (MP₂O₇, Where M = Sn, Ti, and Zr)/PA/PBI Based Composite Membranes for Fuel Cells

Abstract Development of high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT‐PEMFCs) at elevated temperatures is important for the enhancement tolerance toward CO impurities and development non‐precious metal catalysts. The key challenge in such HT‐PEMFCs membranes. Herein, situ formed pyrophosphates (MP 2 O 7 , where M = Sn, Ti, Zr) phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole (PA/PBI) composite membranes reported. formation mechanism MP characteristics /PA/PBI are studied detail. In contrast to rapid decay performance pristine PA/PBI cells, show significantly higher proton conductivity, improved performance, stability 200–250 °C. best results obtained on SnP exhibiting a peak power density 476 mW cm −2 conductivity 51.3 mS −1 250 excellent durability due uniform distribution nanoparticles PBI gel‐like region, thin irregular amorphous layer with retention ability. This effectively alleviates PA leaching new HT‐PEMFCs.